The treatment of many people with spinal issues does not require surgery. Prior to considering surgery, physical therapy, at-home exercises, medication, and frequently spinal injections are advised. Surgery becomes a viable choice if the issue is still not remedied.

For instance, surgical intervention is the recommended course of action if a patient has severe neurogenic pain in the extremities and non-surgical therapy has failed to offer relief. When non-surgical treatment fails to relieve symptoms caused by spinal cord or nerve root compression, such as severe weakness in an arm, leg, or limb, doctors may advise surgical surgery.